Graphenide solutions, solutions of negatively charged graphenes were prepared from a variety of materials such as graphite, graphite nanofibers and carbon soot originating from food waste. Full exfoliation of the starting material, down to the single layer level is demonstrated by Raman and AFM with height distribution peaked on single layers. Conducting films from some of those solutions will be described, showing good performance. 

Graphenide solutions, solutions of negatively charged graphenes were prepared from a variety of materials such as graphite, graphite nanofibers and carbon soot originating from food waste. Full exfoliation of the starting material, down to the single layer level is demonstrated by Raman and AFM with height distribution peaked on single layers. Conducting films from some of those solutions will be described, showing good performance.